@Article{info:doi/10.2196/26047,
author="Akerib, Daniel S
and Ames, Andrew
and Breidenbach, Martin
and Bressack, Michael
and Breur, Pieter A
and Charles, Eric
and Gaba, David M
and Herbst, Ryan
and Ignarra, Christina M
and Luitz, Steffen
and Miller, Eric H
and Mong, Brian
and Shutt, Tom A
and Wittgen, Matthias",
title="A Simple Ventilator Designed To Be Used in Shortage Crises: Construction and Verification Testing",
journal="JMIR Biomed Eng",
year="2021",
month="Aug",
day="5",
volume="6",
number="3",
pages="e26047",
keywords="intensive care; critical care; medicine; ventilator; COVID-19; shortage; equipment; medical device; performance; short-term; engineering; cost; ICU; intensive care unit",
abstract="Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated the possibility of severe ventilator shortages in the near future. Objective: We aimed to develop an acute shortage ventilator. Methods: The ventilator was designed to mechanically compress a self-inflating bag resuscitator, using a modified ventilator patient circuit, which is controlled by a microcontroller and an optional laptop. It was designed to operate in both volume-controlled mode and pressure-controlled assist modes. We tested the ventilator in 4 modes using an artificial lung while measuring the volume, flow, and pressure delivered over time by the ventilator. Results: The ventilator was successful in reaching the desired tidal volume and respiratory rates specified in national emergency use resuscitator system guidelines. The ventilator responded to simulated spontaneous breathing. Conclusions: The key design goals were achieved. We developed a simple device with high performance for short-term use, made primarily from common hospital parts and generally available nonmedical components to avoid any compatibility or safety issues with the patient, and at low cost, with a unit cost per ventilator is less than {\$}400 US excluding the patient circuit parts, that can be easily manufactured. ",
issn="2561-3278",
doi="10.2196/26047",
url="https://biomedeng.jmir.org/2021/3/e26047",
url="https://doi.org/10.2196/26047",
url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34458681"
}